Abstract: Frost heave, which is related to the variation in the hydrothermal interaction properties of soil, is the main factor causing the inhomogeneous deformation of structures in cold regions. The relevant requirement for ...

Abstract: The successful construction of cross passages in water-rich sand strata requires the ground reinforcement of soil in passage zones. To address these conditions, artificial ground freezing was introduced, which is an ...

Abstract: Unfrozen water is a critical component of frozen soil that determines its thermal and mechanical behavior and affects engineering structures during freeze–thaw cycles. Here, pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance was used to ...