Abstract: A user-defined unsaturated modified hierarchical single-surface model is developed. The surface of this modified model is continuous and avoids the problems of multisurface models. The nonassociative flow rule, suction ...

Abstract: Abutment piles in soft ground are always subjected to both active loads from upper structures and passive loads from horizontal soft ground displacements; however, theoretical solutions for abutment piles under such combined ...

Abstract: Soils in the site are usually layered due to natural sedimentation, which causes nonuniformity along the depth. Conventional upper bound limit analysis is no longer suitable for analyzing such slope stability issues; hence, ...