Abstract: There is little information available in the literature to describe the effect of heavy metals on a fixed‐film biological waste treatment system. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the toxic effect of Cd(II) ...

Abstract: This study was conducted to: (1) Evaluate the effect of DO on cell yield in a fixed film reactor using 1,000 mg/L sucrose as a substrate; (2) evaluate the correlations of the biofilm thickness and density with DO and their ...