Abstract: To reduce the floor-to-floor height, the technical, economical, and convenient (TEC) beam is developed as a new composite beam composed of structural tee, horizontal top stud, precast concrete, stirrup, and cast-in-place ...

Abstract: As the number of high-rise buildings increases, the floor-to-floor height has been considered as a significant component due to limited city areas. To reduce the floor-to-floor height, a newly developed composite beam using ...