Abstract: A conceptual framework is developed for quantifying the relationship between low-frequency variability and extreme events. In this framework, variability is decomposed into low-frequency and synoptic components using ...

Abstract: Theoretical and modeling studies of nongeostrophic effects in baroclinic waves predict that baroclinic waves should tilt poleward with height, with a larger tilt in total meridional wind than in geostrophic quantities. ...

Abstract: Prescribed SST experiments are performed using the National Center for Atmospheric Research?s Community Climate Model version 3 general circulation model to isolate the contribution of the tropical SSTs reconstructed by ...