Abstract: Hygro-thermal and hydration behaviors exist in concretes at early ages, which inevitably affect their mechanical properties. Accompanying water consumption in the concrete, there are several irreversible thermodynamic ...

Abstract: In the United States, around 1/3 of the rail network is operated by short lines. These railroads play an important role in the nation’s transportation system by serving as the feeder and distributor for the rail network, ...

Abstract: Deteriorated track infrastructure can lead to significant consequences, such as derailment incidents, loss of revenue-service hours, reduced train operation speed, and even failure of the business. The Federal Railroad ...