Abstract: A numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics and kinetic theory of granular material is used to investigate sand-bed erosion due to an upward water jet. After verifying the numerical model, the onset and mechanism ...

Abstract: A novel approach––the modified multilayer method––is proposed for generating homogeneous specimens for discrete-element-method (DEM) studies. The “particle boundary” is introduced at the interface between the layers, and ...

Abstract: An asphalt mixture is always in a complex stress state during the service life of pavement. Its resistance can be objectively characterized only by applying the strength theory to establish the failure criterion model in ...