Abstract: n this paper, zonal momentum balances of the tropical atmospheric circulation during the global monsoon mature months (January and July) are analyzed in three dimensions based on the ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim). ...

Abstract: ecadal variability of the East African precipitation during the season of March?May (long rains) is examined and the performance of a series of models in simulating the observed features is assessed. Observational results ...

Abstract: ast African precipitation is characterized by a dry annual mean climatology compared to other deep tropical land areas and a bimodal annual cycle with the major rainy season during March?May (MAM; often called the ?long ...

Abstract: ast Africa has two rainy seasons: the long rains [March?May (MAM)] and the short rains [October?December (OND)]. Most CMIP3/5 coupled models overestimate the short rains while underestimating the long rains. In this study, ...