Abstract: Adaptable products are designed such that their configurations and parameters can be changed easily in the operation stage to satisfy changes in functional requirements. Design of adaptable products can extend lifespans ...

Abstract: The presently achieved research results are not effective for the design of complex mechanical products when various methods and tools in different schemes have to be employed at different design stages. A new integrated ...

Abstract: Modular design is an effective approach to shorten lead-time and reduce cost for development of complex products and systems (CoPS). Because the physical details of the product are not available at the conceptual design ...