Abstract: The spatial variability of soil is usually modeled as a nonstationary unconditional random field (URF), which utilizes only the statistics of the soil field, and conditional random field (CRF), which utilizes both the ...

Abstract: Monopiles, which have been most extensively used in the offshore wind industries, are usually subject to threats from local scour. The effects of local scour on the bearing capacity of monopiles have been studied based on ...