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RISTwo Leading ENSO Modes and El Niño Types in the Zebiak–Cane Model
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: AbstractModern instrumental records reveal that El Niño events differ in their spatial patterns and temporal evolutions. Attempts have been made to categorize them roughly into two main types: eastern Pacific (EP; or cold ...
New Indices for Better Understanding ENSO by Incorporating Convection Sensitivity to Sea Surface Temperature
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Observed outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data indicate that convection is nonlinearly sensitive to sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) for background SSTs in the 25.25°–30.25°C high-impact range. In this study, we ...