Abstract: Coarse-resolution f-plane and ?-plane frictional geostrophic models are used to study the response to restored surface buoyancies and fixed surface buoyancy fluxes. With restored surface buoyancies it is found that the ...

Abstract: The sensitivity of North Atlantic Deep Water formation to variations in mean surface temperature is explored with a meridional-vertical plane ocean model coupled to an energy balance atmosphere. It is found that North ...

Abstract: By comparing the response of flat and bowl-shaped basins to fixed heat fluxes of various magnitudes, it is determined that coastal topography has a considerable damping influence upon internal decadal oscillations of the ...

Abstract: Narrowness of downwelling and broadness of upwelling are ubiquitous features of numerical and laboratory simulations of oceanic thermal overturning and are evidenced by the global ocean distributions of tracers, heat, and ...

Abstract: A number of single-hemisphere ocean models, when forced with steady mixed boundary conditions, have produced self-sustaining oscillations with century to millennial scale periods. Here the energetics of these deep-decoupling ...

Abstract: Integrations of coupled climate models with mixed-layer and fixed-current ocean components are used to explore the climatic response to varying magnitudes of ocean circulation. Four mixed-layer ocean experiments without ...

Abstract: A model is presented that provides an efficient approximation to sea ice thermodynamics for climate studies. Semtner?s three-layer framework is used, but the brine content of the upper ice is represented with a variable ...

Abstract: A technique is developed for diagnosing effective surface and atmospheric optical properties from climate model shortwave flux diagnostics. These properties can be used to distinguish the contributions of surface and ...

Abstract: A technique for estimating surface albedo feedback (SAF) from standard monthly mean climate model diagnostics is applied to the 1% yr?1 carbon dioxide (CO2)-increase transient climate change integrations of 12 Intergovernmental ...

Abstract: he sensitivity of Northern Hemisphere sea ice cover to global temperature change is examined in a group of climate models and in the satellite-era observations. The models are found to have well-defined, distinguishable ...