Abstract: A steady ventilation model is used to assess the effect of the mixed layer on the structure of the main thermocline; the potential vorticity is found in a subtropical gyre after imposing the thickness and density of the ...

Abstract: Air?Sea interaction influences the ventilated thermocline by forcing the mixed layer to deepen and cool poleward. When there is flow from the mixed layer into the interior, the mixed-layer depth and density fields help to ...

Abstract: The effect of buoyancy forcing on the residual circulation in the Southern Ocean is examined in two different ways. First, the rates of water-mass transformation and formation are estimated using air?sea fluxes of heat and ...

Abstract: The role of sidewalls in determining the interior distribution of potential vorticity (PV) is investigated using eddy-resolving isopycnic experiments. The layer model is integrated at 116° resolution for a wind-driven ...

Abstract: Eddy fluxes systematically affect the larger-scale, time-mean state, but their local behavior is difficult to parameterize. To understand how eddy fluxes of potential vorticity (PV) are controlled, the enstrophy budget is ...

Abstract: The mechanisms controlling the direction of eddy tracer fluxes are examined using eddy-resolving isopycnic experiments for a cyclic zonal channel. Eddy fluxes are directed downgradient on average when either (i) there is ...

Abstract: The control of atmospheric storm tracks by ocean dynamics, orography, and their interaction is investigated using idealized experiments with a simplified coupled atmosphere?ocean climate model. The study focuses on the ...

Abstract: Climatological maps of the large-scale potential vorticity field Q along isopycnals are diagnosed for the abyssal waters over the global ocean. The inferred patterns of Q vary with density, the basin, and hemisphere. At ...

Abstract: Subduction requires a buoyancy input into the mixed layer, which over the gyre scale can either be achieved by an atmospheric input or a wind-induced Ekman redistribution of buoyancy. The buoyancy budget for subduction is ...

Abstract: The effect of cooling on the separated boundary current predicted by the model of Parsons is studied. The separating current is found to strengthen and to move southwards and eastwards. The model is also robust to limited ...