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Atmospheric Frontogenesis: A Numerical Experiment
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The objective of this study is to produce a narrow frontal zone from a field which initially contains only large-scale variations. In the model, all quantities except the temperature and pressure are independent of y ...
On the Formulation of Finite-Element Prediction Models
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Three numerical schemes for the vorticity-divergence form of the shallow-water equations are analyzed using the Fourier transform technique developed by Schoenstadt (1980). These schemes are compared with two finite-element ...
Numerical Simulation of Steady-State Fronts
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The numerical frontogenesis model of Williams is modified to include horizontal and vertical turbulent diffusions of heat and momentum. The turbulent diffusions are represented with constant coefficients, and an Ekman layer ...
Quasi-Geostrophic versus Non-Geostrophic Frontogenesis
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: This study examines frontogenesis which is forced by a nondivergent horizontal wind field which contains stretching deformation. The initial conditions are formulated in such a way that the departures from the basic wind ...
Unbalanced Frontogenesis. Part I: Zero Potential Vorticity
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Unbalanced frontogenesis is studied in a two-dimensional, Boussinesq, rotating fluid that is constrained between two rigid, level surfaces. The potential vorticity is zero. The initial state is unbalanced because there is ...
Quasi-Geostrophic Frontogenesis
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: An exact solution to the quasi-geostrophic equations is derived for an initial horizontal wind field which contains deformation. The variation in the initial temperature field is confined to a band which is oriented normal ...
Rossby Wave Frequencies and Group Velocities for Finite Element and Finite Difference Approximations to the Vorticity-Divergence and the Primitive Forms of the Shallow Water Equations
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: In this paper Rossby wave frequencies and group velocities are analyzed for various finite element and finite difference approximations to the vorticity-divergence form of the shallow water equations. Also included are ...
Barotropic Vortex Stability to Perturbations from Axisymmetry
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Tropical cyclones and dynamically similar model vortices robustly maintain a near-axisymmetric horizontal structure where the vortex flow is strongly nonlinear in spite of persistent asymmetric forcing represented by ...
Dynamics of Vortex Asymmetries and Their Influence on Vortex Motion on a β-plane
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A linear nondivergent barotropic model is developed to obtain the asymmetric circulation associated with a vortex moving on the ?-plane. The total system is transformed to a coordinate system moving with the vortex. The ...