Abstract: Reflected fluxes are calculated for broken cloudiness (i.e., nonplane parallel) as a function of cloud cover, cloud optical depth, solar zenith angle and surface albedo. These calculations extend previous results for broken ...

Abstract: This paper examines the relative impacts on grid-averaged longwave flux transmittance (emittance) for marine boundary layer (MBL) cloud fields arising from horizontal variability of optical depth τ and cloud sides. First, ...

Abstract: Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) and Thematic Mapper (TM) digital data are used to remotely sense fog properties. These include fog cell size distribution, cell aspect ratio (the ratio of the length of the major and ...

Abstract: Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) digital data are used to remotely sense cumulus cloud properties such as cloud fraction and cloud reflectance, along with the distribution of cloud number and cloud fraction as a function ...

Abstract: In this study we perform an error analysis for cloud-top pressure retrieval using the High-Resolution Infrared Radiometric Sounder (HIRS/2) 15-µm CO2 channels for the two-layer case of transmissive cirrus overlying an ...

Abstract: Derivation of top of atmosphere radiative fluxes requires the use of measured satellite radiances and assumptions about the anisotropy of the Earth's radiation field. The primary modification of the Earth's anisotropy is ...

Abstract: An error analysis is presented for cloud-top pressure and cloud-amount retrieval using infrared sounder data. Rms and bias errors are determined for instrument noise (typical of the HIRS-2 instrument on TIROS-N) and for ...

Abstract: Adopting procedures often applied to model the earth's climate, we use zonal fields from the control run of a general circulation climate model (GCM) (Wetherald and Manabe, 1975) to construct parameterizations of the energy ...

Abstract: Measurements in atmospheric science sometimes determine universal functions, but more commonly data are collected in the form of case studies. Models are conceptual constructs that can be used to make predictions about the ...

Abstract: Three boundary layer cloud object types?overcast, stratocumulus, and cumulus?that occurred over the Pacific Ocean during January?August 1998 are identified from the Clouds and the Earth?s Radiant Energy System (CERES) ...