Abstract: ased on the variability of heat content in the upper 300 m of the ocean (HC300), the feasibility of defining an index of Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) is explored. The motivation for defining the PDO index on HC300 ...

Abstract: Previous coupled climate model simulations reveal that a dipole-like SST pattern with cooler (warmer) temperature over the north (south) tropical Atlantic emerges in response to a slowdown of the Atlantic meridional ...

Abstract: easonal prediction skill of North Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) and the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) in the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) retrospective forecasts is assessed. The SST forecasts ...

Abstract: he NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) represents a new effort with the first guess from a high-resolution coupled system and offers prospects for improved simulation of mesoscale air?sea coupled variability. ...

Abstract: simplified coupled ocean?atmosphere model, where an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) is fully coupled to a 2½-layer reduced-gravity ocean model (RGO) over the tropical Atlantic basin, is presented in the context ...

Abstract: he characteristics of El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability have experienced notable changes since the late 1990s, including a breakdown of the zonal mean upper-ocean heat content as a precursor for ENSO. These ...

Abstract: o estimate the state of the ocean in the context of monitoring and prediction, ocean analysis products combine observed information from various sources that include both in situ ocean measurements and estimates of atmospheric ...