Abstract: Before considering bids submitted by competing contractors for a public procurement project, the owner should determine a project ceiling price or cost estimate to use as a reference point for evaluating the bids. A high ...

Abstract: Construction lump sum lowest bid procurement is one of the most prevalent methods of awarding construction contracts. For a lump sum bidding practice in Taiwan, after the lowest bidder is awarded a construction project ...

Abstract: Construction activities are often influenced by factors such as weather, labor, and site conditions. When several activities are influenced by the same factor, their durations may be correlated. If many activities along a ...

Abstract: Current approaches to network scheduling do not consider the correlation between activity durations. When activity durations are correlated, the variability of path and project durations may be increased. High variability ...