Abstract: Based on the slip line theory and the upper-bound limit analysis theorem, a three-dimensional (3D) slip–rupture mechanism to design the shield tunnel face stability is proposed. This model is defined by using a spatial ...

Abstract: With the increasing construction demand for tunnels in soft silty clay layers, it is important to effectively control the face stability of a tunnel. One of the key issues for maintaining face stability is addressing how ...

Abstract: With the gradual increase in the number of shield tunnels, the construction risks caused by segment floating have become increasingly prominent. Although many construction measures have been proposed to control segment ...