Abstract: The digital twin (DT) is a virtual replica of real-world buildings, processes, structures, people, and systems created and maintained to answer questions about its physical part, the physical twin (PT). In the case of the ...

Abstract: The first-order reliability method (FORM) is a powerful tool for structural reliability analysis, providing a good trade-off between computational accuracy and efficiency. Nevertheless, it has two main drawbacks: (1) its ...

Abstract: The first-order reliability method (FORM) is a powerful tool for structural reliability analysis, providing a good trade-off between computational accuracy and efficiency. Nevertheless, it has two main drawbacks: (1) its ...

Abstract: Traditional facade design practices are mostly based on the designers’ intuition or a single performance criterion such as U- and g-values, which only describe a single facade property. However, facade optimal design in ...