Abstract: The present paper deals with the fundamental issue of whether one can treat waves as normal modes when critical surfaces, where the phase speed of the wave matches the zonal wind speed, are present. In particular the ...

Abstract: Although the phenomenon of equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation is relatively well understood, the problem of how the equatorially confined QBO wave forcing can induce a signal in the extratroics of comparable or larger ...

Abstract: Observational evidence for a global quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) pattern is reviewed. In particular, the presence of an extratropical, as well as an equatorial, component of the QBO signal in column ozone is established. ...

Abstract: This paper documents our two-dimensional model which incorporates comprehensive radiative transfer and chemistry modules coupled with self-consistent dynamical transports. A simultaneous simulation of a range of chemical ...

Abstract: We perform a diagnostic study of Eliassen-Palm flux divergence (? · F), and isentropic mixing coefficient (Kyy) in the stratosphere for different seasons and for both hemispheres, taking into account nongeostrophic effects. ...

Abstract: Convective activity is frequently organized into band-like structures with space and time scales appropriate to internal gravity waves. When the convective activity involves cumulonimbus, then latent heat release can form ...

Abstract: Previous results claiming the existence of multiple equilibria based on simple barotropic or two-layer models of the atmosphere are reexamined. While not ruling out the existence of multiple equilibria we find that the ...

Abstract: In Part I a simple theory of resonant Rossby waves in a uniform zonal flow was developed. The present paper extends the previous results to the case of an atmosphere with winds varying with height. The wave responses to a ...

Abstract: A theory is presented that attempts to explain the tropospheric blocking phenomenon caused by the resonant amplification of large-scale planetary waves forced by topography and surface heating. It is shown that a wave ...

Abstract: It is shown that the necessary conditions for the instability of unstratified plane-parallel shear flow, rotating barotropic flows and rotating baroclinic flows are also sufficient conditions for the existence of propagating ...