Abstract: A heat balance model is used to investigate the modification of the annual temperature cycle by seasonal energy storage in the ocean and land. The neglect of horizontal heat transport in the model precludes realistic ...

Abstract: A hierarchy of zonally averaged atmospheric models is used to study the role of mean meridional motions and large-scale eddies in determining the zonal climate. Five models are developed: a radiative-convective equilibrium ...

Abstract: The traditional method of estimating cyclone frequency by counting the number of storms passing through latitude-longitude grid cells is known to be biased because it effectively overweights the lower latitudes. Here we ...

Abstract: Vertical finite-differences schemes that preserve the important integral properties of the continuum equations are derived for the basic hydrodynamic and thermodynamic equations governing the atmosphere. The vertical ...

Abstract: A set of general circulation model simulations is analyzed to determine how cloud distribution and cloud radiative properties might change as climate warms and to isolate and quantify the various feedback effects of clouds ...

Abstract: A simple technique is proposed for calculating global mean climate forcing from transient integrations of coupled atmosphere?ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs). This ?climate forcing? differs from the conventionally ...

Abstract: phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) will produce a state-of-the- art multimodel dataset designed to advance our knowledge of climate variability and climate change. Researchers worldwide are analyzing ...

Abstract: When long integrations of climate models forced by observed boundary conditions are compared against observations, differences appear that have spatial and temporal coherence. These differences are due to several causes, ...

Abstract: AbstractAnthropogenic climate change is predicted to cause spatial and temporal shifts in precipitation patterns. These may be apparent in changes to the annual cycle of zonal mean precipitation P. Trends in the amplitude ...