Abstract: Geometric variation causes functional and aesthetic problems in the assemblies. The challenge is predicting the moments of the distribution of geometric deviations of assemblies to evaluate compliance with the set requirements. ...

Abstract: In non-rigid variation simulation, contact modeling is used to avoid the virtual penetration of the components in the adjacent areas. Numerical errors and convergence issues due to the deformation behavior of the interacting ...

Abstract: A digital twin for geometry assurance contains a set of analyses that are performed to steer the real production for securing the geometry of the final assembly. In sheet metal assemblies, spot welding is performed to join ...