Abstract: A three-dimensional analytical model of the cervical spine is described. The cervical vertebrae and the head are modeled as rigid bodies which are interconnected by deformable elements representing ...

Abstract: Procedures for the transient analysis of openings in jointed rock are developed and applied to several problems. The rock masses are modeled by rigid blocks with edge‐to‐edge interaction at joints and are coupled to sur ...

Abstract: The fusion of the probabilistic finite element method (PFEM) and reliability analysis for probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) is presented. The PFEM is extended to PFM using an enriched element that has the near crack‐tip ...