Abstract: Ocean temperature and salinity data over the period 1950?2000 in the Northern Seas, defined here as the North Atlantic Ocean (north of 50°N), North Pacific Ocean (north of 40°N), and Arctic Oceans, are combined to diagnose ...

Abstract: SALARGOS buoys that measure upper-ocean temperature and salinity in ice-covered seas have been collecting data in the Arctic basin for several years. The buoys consist of a 300-m-long string of six temperature-conductivity ...

Abstract: It is well established that periods of high North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) index are characterized by a weakening of the surface high pressure and surface anticyclone in the Beaufort Sea and the intensification of the ...

Abstract: A new gridded ocean climatology, the Polar Science Center Hydrographic Climatology (PHC), has been created that merges the 1998 version of the World Ocean Atlas with the new regional Arctic Ocean Atlas. The result is a ...

Abstract: A second-moment, turbulence closure model is applied to the problem of the dynamic and thermodynamic interaction of sea ice and the ocean surface mixed layer. In the case of ice moving over a warm, ocean surface layer, ...

Abstract: In an earlier paper, a second-moment turbulence closure model was applied to the problem of the dynamic and thermodynamic interaction of sea ice and the ocean surface mixed layer. An overly simplistic parameterization of ...

Abstract: he mechanisms driving trends and variability of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for tundra in Alaska along the Beaufort, east Chukchi, and east Bering Seas for 1982?2013 are evaluated in the context of ...

Abstract: Analysis of modern and historical observations demonstrates that the temperature of the intermediate-depth (150?900 m) Atlantic water (AW) of the Arctic Ocean has increased in recent decades. The AW warming has been uneven ...

Abstract: Hydrologic cycle intensification is an expected manifestation of a warming climate. Although positive trends in several global average quantities have been reported, no previous studies have documented broad intensification ...