Abstract: The load-bearing light-gauge steel-framed (LSF) wall systems used in buildings are protected against fire by attaching fire-resistant gypsum plasterboard layers on both sides. They are also provided with cavity insulation ...

Abstract: Curtain wall systems made of an aluminum frame and infilled with glass panes are extensively used in present day high-rise buildings. The vertical members of the aluminum frame, known as mullions, are complex-shaped and ...