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Equatorial Atlantic Rain Frequency: An Intercentennial Comparison
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Analyses of the frequency of rain occurrence over the equatorial Atlantic Ocean from two sources are compared: a nineteenth-century journal publication based on ship's logbook entries, and a 3-yr average, 1998?2000, of ...
Effect of TRMM Orbit Boost on Radar Reflectivity Distributions
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Probability distributions of measured radar reflectivity from the precipitation radar (PR) on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite show a small, counterintuitive increase in the midrange, 20?34 ...
TRMM Radar Observations of Shallow Precipitation over the Tropical Oceans
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Observations from the precipitation radar aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite provide the first opportunity to map vertical structure properties of rain over the entire Tropics and subtropics. Storm ...
Evidence from Tropical Raindrop Spectra of the Origin of Rain from Stratiform versus Convective Clouds
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: An analysis of temporal variations in gamma parameters of raindrop spectra is presented utilizing surface-based observations from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Couple Ocean-Atmosphere Experiment. An observed dramatic ...
On the Use of Earth Radiation Budget Statistics for Studies of Clouds and Climate
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Daily observations of albedo and outgoing terrestrial radiation derived from NOAA Scanning Radiometer measurements are used to relate cloudiness variations to regional features of the general circulation and to estimate ...
Interannual Variability and Climatic Noise in Satellite-Observed Outgoing Longwave Radiation
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The interannual variability (IAV) in monthly averaged outgoing infrared radiation (IR, from the NOAA polar orbiting satellites) is observed to be larger during summer than during winter over the north Pacific Ocean. A ...
On the Positive Bias of Peak Horizontal Velocity from an Idealized Doppler Profiler
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: In the presence of 3D turbulence, peak horizontal velocity estimates from an idealized Doppler profiler are found to be positively biased due to an incomplete specification of the vertical velocity field. The magnitude of ...
Satellite-Inferred Morning-to-Evening Cloudiness Changes
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Outgoing infrared radiation (IR) values inferred from radiance measurements in the water vapor window (10.5?12.5 ?m) taken at approximately 0900 and 2100 LT by scanning radiometers aboard the polar orbiting NOAA satellites ...
On the Role of Zonal Asymmetries in Climate Change
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The potential of zonal asymmetry as a sensitivity mechanism for the earth's climate is investigated through a simple extension of an energy balance climate model. The results of this model are compared with the reconstruction ...
TRMM Sampling of Radar–AMeDAS Rainfall Using the Threshold Method
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: It is known that spatially averaged rainfall rate ?R? is highly correlated with the fractional area (F) of rain rate exceeding a preset threshold (τ), when the area is large enough to include numerous convective systems ...