Abstract: lthough single-layer solutions have been obtained for the δ-four-stream discrete ordinates method (DOM) in radiative transfer, a four-stream doubling?adding method (4DA) is lacking, which enables us to calculate the radiative ...

Abstract: The δ-two- and four-stream combination approximations, which use a source function from the two-stream approximations and evaluate intensities in the four-stream directions, are formulated for the calculation of diffuse ...