Abstract: Considered nonstructural elements, infill walls and their participation in earthquake resistance are often neglected in structural design, which leads to deviations in the predictions of seismic responses. Generally, infill ...

Abstract: Prefabricated RC shear walls are widely used in practical engineering due to their convenient construction. For ease of transport, they are commonly divided into smaller limbs and assembled on site. Steel panel shear keys ...

Abstract: Sandwich insulation wall panels (SIWPs) are used extensively as thermal resistance components in buildings. Connectors in SIWPs are subjected to axial and shear forces to resist the load of the outer layer and transfer it ...