Abstract: A model is constructed for estimating evaporation from bare-soil surfaces. In the model, the evaporation is parameterized with the soil-water content for the upper 2 cm of the soil (Kondo et al.), and the heat and water ...

Abstract: A simple model of evaporation from a bare soil surface is developed. This model combines two processes of water vapor transport: one is the vapor transport in air expressed by the bulk formula, and the other is molecular ...

Abstract: A heat-balance model having a canopy of one or two layers has been developed. The calculated fluxes using the present model were found to be in agreement with measurements from a rice paddy field, an orchard, and the ...