Abstract: The rate that vertical vorticity is created or retarded in electrified clouds is calculated from the cross product of the charge gradient and the electrical field and compared with the magnitude of the vertical vorticity ...

Abstract: Expressions are derived for ice particle charges acquired through successive collisions in a changing electric field. Our computations give lower particle charges, slower maximum field growth rates, and higher maxium fields ...

Abstract: There is evidence that the inductive charging process is likely to be efficient in regions of the cloud that contain relatively high concentrations of large ice particles (graupel, hail, etc.) and small ice particles or ...

Abstract: The modification of thunderstorms to suppress hail requires a knowledge of where, when and how much to seed. We show that growth by accretion by precipitating particles (hail, rain and graupel) in a summer convective storm ...

Abstract: The observational results from sailplane flights into the updrafts of developing cumulus clouds in north-eastern Colorado show some important variations in the microstructure of the cloud droplet and ice particle distributions. ...

Abstract: Most of the precipitation related theories on charge generation in thunderstorms fall into one of two categories: the inductive or polarization mechanism initiated by the ambient fair-weather field, and the non-inductive ...

Abstract: An electrostatic cloud droplet sizing device (electrostatic disdrometer) originally developed by Keily and Millen has been tested, modified extensively, and calibrated in our laboratory. The investigations have shown that ...