Abstract: This paper presents the results of a large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flow over a channel bed artificially roughened by hemispheres. The Reynolds number of the flow based on the channel depth is 13,680 at a relatively ...

Abstract: There are quite a few studies investigating low Reynolds number turbulence models for predicting the near-wall flow over smooth walls. However, analogous work over rough walls is sparse despite the fact that many flows of ...