Abstract: Unbalanced moments are transferred between columns and flat plates as a result of pattern gravity loading or lateral forces due to wind and earthquakes. Shear stresses produced by moment transfer must be considered in the ...

Abstract: Shear keys are used in bridge abutments to provide transverse support for the superstructure. The damage observed on bridge abutments in the aftermath of the 1994 Northridge Earthquake prompted the revision of the design ...