Abstract: Piles transmit structural loads through skin friction, end-bearing, or both to deeper and stronger soil layers. Surcharge loads, site grading, or dewatering activities induce downward movement in the soil that is adjacent ...

Abstract: This paper investigates the structural performance and soil–culvert interaction of large-span precast concrete three-sided culverts (TSCs). Three TSCs with flat top slabs have been instrumented with 30 pressure cells and ...