Abstract: In this paper, the kinematic forces which may be applied to bridge piers or pile caps from laterally spreading surficial cohesive soil layers (nonliquefied crusts) through which they pass are considered. Such forces often ...

Abstract: A common means of forming a rigid joint between universal beam and column is to weld an endplate to the beam end and then to bolt to the column. A physically based yield line model that can predict the ultimate moment ...