Abstract: A ?biased twin? experiment using two coupled general circulation models (CGCMs) that are biased with respect to each other is used to study the impact of deep ocean bias on ensemble ocean data assimilation. The ?observations? ...

Abstract: Tests of several interface conditions in a one-way nested grid model were undertaken, where the ratio of grid size for the coarse mesh in the large domain and the fine mesh in the small domain was 4:1. The interface values ...

Abstract: A general circulation model (GCM) of the ocean that emphasizes the simulation of the upper ocean has been developed. This emphasis is in keeping with its future intent, that of an air-sea coupled model. The basic model is ...

Abstract: The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) has an important influence on climate, and yet adequate observations of this circulation are lacking. Here, the authors assess the adequacy of past and current widely ...

Abstract: The seasonal cycle of SST observed in the eastern equatorial Pacific is poorly simulated by many ocean?atmosphere coupled GCMs. This deficiency may be partly due to an incorrect prediction of tropical marine stratocumulus ...

Abstract: A coupled atmosphere?ocean GCM (general circulation model) has been developed for climate predictions on seasonal to interannual timescales. The atmosphere model is a global spectral GCM T30L18 and the ocean model is global ...

Abstract: The Mellor-Yamada hierarchy of turbulent closure models is reexamined to show that the elimination of a slight inconsistency in their analysis leads to a quasi-equilibrium model that is somewhat simpler than their level ...

Abstract: iven a biased coupled model and the atmospheric and oceanic observing system, maintaining a balanced and coherent climate estimation is of critical importance for producing accurate climate analysis and prediction ...

Abstract: A fully coupled data assimilation (CDA) system, consisting of an ensemble filter applied to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory?s global fully coupled climate model (CM2), has been developed to facilitate the detection ...

Abstract: he non-Gaussian probability distribution of sea ice concentration makes it difficult to directly assimilate sea ice observations into a climate model. Because of the strong impact of the atmospheric and oceanic forcing on ...