Abstract: Despite the general agreement that clouds cool the earth-atmosphere, there are substantial differences in estimated magnitudes of the annual global mean of cloud radiative forcing. Recent estimates of globally averaged net ...

Abstract: his paper investigates intraseasonal variability as represented by the recent NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) reanalysis, the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). The ...

Abstract: Eulerian kinetic energy budgets for the synoptic-scale flow over North America were computed for two cases of cyclone development associated with severe prefrontal convection. Horizontal flux convergence constitutes the ...

Abstract: Sensitivity experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) show that parameterized rain reevaporation has a large impact on simulated precipitation patterns in the tropical Pacific, especially on the ...

Abstract: eanalyses, retrospectively analyzing observations over climatological time scales, represent a merger between satellite observations and models to provide globally continuous data and have improved over several generations. ...

Abstract: urbulent fluxes of heat and moisture across the atmosphere?ocean interface are fundamental components of the earth?s energy and water balance. Characterizing both the spatiotemporal variability and the fidelity of these ...

Abstract: Retrospective-analysis (or reanalysis) systems merge observations and models to provide global four-dimensional earth system data encompassing many physical and dynamical processes. Precipitation is one critical diagnostic ...

Abstract: A methodology is developed for deriving atmospheric water vapor transports over the World Oceans from satellite-retrieved precipitation (P) and evaporation (E) datasets. The motivation for developing the method is to ...

Abstract: ike all reanalysis efforts, the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) must contend with an inhomogeneous observing network. Here the effects of the two most obvious observing system epoch ...

Abstract: he assimilation of observations in reanalyses incurs the potential for the physical terms of budgets to be balanced by a term relating the fit of the observations relative to a forecast first guess analysis. This may ...