Abstract: Even though five different general circulation models are all currently producing about a 4° ± 1°C warming for doubled CO2, there is still substantial model disagreement about the degree of high latitude amplification of ...

Abstract: Climate model results are now being used to asses the potential societal impact of climate change, and to compare with paleoclimate indicators. The models used for these purposes currently employ relatively coarse resolution, ...

Abstract: The relationship between midtropospheric synoptic features and midstratospheric temperature in winter is investigated by examining averages of 5?10 yr of observations, monthly mean observations, and daily records. It is ...

Abstract: A general circulation model (GCM) is used to model global lightning distributions and frequencies. Both total and cloud-to-ground lightning frequencies are modeled using parameterizations that relate the depth of convective ...

Abstract: By how much does changing radiation from the sun influence the earth?s climate, presently and in the recent past, compared with other natural and anthropogenic processes? Current knowledge of the amplitudes and timescales ...

Abstract: Large-scale snow cover anomalies are thought to cause significant changes in the diabatic heating of the earth's surface in such a way as to produce substantial local cooling in the surface temperatures. This theory was ...

Abstract: Future climate change could have significant repercussions for lightning-caused wildfires. Two empirical fire models are presented relating the frequency of lightning fires and the area burned by these fires to the elective ...

Abstract: Results Of experiments with a GCM involving changes in UV input (±25%, ±5% at wavelengths below 0.3 µ) and simulated equatorial QBO are presented, with emphasis on the tropospheric response. The QBO and UV changes alter ...

Abstract: Results of experiments with a GCM involving changes in UV input (±25%, ±10%, ±5% at wavelengths below 0.3 µm) and simulated equatorial QBO are presented, with emphasis on the middle atmosphere response. The UV forcing ...

Abstract: The Hadley cell is involved in the energy, momentum and moisture budgets in the atmosphere; it may be expected to change as sources and sinks of these quantities are altered due to climate perturbations. The nature of the ...