Abstract: Two approaches to the quantitative characterization of Lagrangian circulation in three-dimensional (3D) time-periodic current fields are used to describe major features of a model-derived flow field for barotropic tidal ...

Abstract: his study provides a long-term description of the poleward East Madagascar Current (EMC) in terms of its observed velocities, estimated volume transport, and variability based on both ~2.5 yr of continuous in situ measurements ...