Abstract: erein, an evaluation of the uncertainty of precipitation-type observations and its effect on the validation of forecast precipitation type is undertaken. The forms of uncertainty are instrument/observer bias and ...

Abstract: The effects of upstream relative humidity (RH) on low-level wind and precipitation patterns for low-speed, statically stable flows over a mountain are investigated using idealized two- and three-dimensional numerical-simulation ...

Abstract: This is a feasibility study on the use of dual-polarized radars to infer icing in terminal airspaces (TASs) of commercial airports. The amount and quality of radar coverage in each TAS is quantified as a function of its ...

Abstract: ix forecasts of a lake-effect-snow event off Lake Erie were conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model to determine how the quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) was affected when the boundary- and ...

Abstract: During intensive observation period (IOP)-8 of the Mesoscale Alpine Program, there was a stable layer of air in the lowest levels of the Po Valley and just upstream of the Apennines. In this study, the effects of the stable ...

Abstract: Observations and previous research of squall lines impinging on mountain ranges have revealed that the squall lines sometimes stall upstream of the mountains for several hours leading to copious accumulations of precipitation. ...

Abstract: The effects of condensational heating on cold-frontal translation speed are explored through the use of potential vorticity (PV) diagnostics and model sensitivity experiments. It is hypothesized that condensational heating ...

Abstract: Valley cold pools (VCPs), which are trapped, cold layers of air at the bottoms of basins or valleys, pose a significant problem for forecasters because they can lead to several forms of difficult-to-forecast and hazardous ...

Abstract: everal lake-effect-snow forecasts are compared to assess how the choice of microphysical parameterization affects quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF). Eight different schemes, with different numbers of moments and ...