Abstract: Studies using, climatological fields in a three-dimensional stability model show unstable modes near the polar winter stratopause with periods neat 4 days. The calculated modes exhibit equatorward momentum and heat fluxes ...

Abstract: The Brewer?Dobson circulation strengthens in the lowermost tropical stratosphere during warm El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. Dynamical analyses using the most recent version of the Whole Atmosphere Community ...

Abstract: The interannual variability of the tropical tropopause region between 14 and 18 km is examined using observations of convection, winds, and tropopause temperatures from reanalyses and water vapor from satellites. This ...

Abstract: The radio occultation (RO) technique, which makes use of radio signals transmitted by the global positioning system (GPS) satellites, has emerged as a powerful and relatively inexpensive approach for sounding the global ...

Abstract: Temperature observations of the upper-air atmosphere are now available for more than 40 years from both ground- and satellite-based observing systems. Recent years have seen substantial improvements in reducing long-standing ...

Abstract: To investigate the effects of the middle atmosphere on climate, the World Climate Research Programme is supporting the project "Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate" (SPARC). A central theme of SPARC, to examine ...

Abstract: he Convective Transport of Active Species in the Tropics (CONTRAST) experiment was conducted from Guam (13.5°N, 144.8°E) during January?February 2014. Using the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V research aircraft, the experiment ...