Abstract: A heuristic approach for reliability-based design of water-distribution systems (WDSs) is presented. The reliability is expressed by reliability factors, estimated through extended-period simulation using node-flow analysis ...

Abstract: Traditional network analysis (Hardy Cross, Newton‐Raphson, or linear theory methods) presumes that the nodal demands are always satisfied in a water‐distribution system (WDS) and determines the available heads. However, ...

Abstract: When a nodal demand is excessive as in a fire-flow condition or when a pump fails or a pipe breaks, a water distribution system (WDS) may temporarily become deficient and unable to satisfy all nodal demands. However, the ...

Abstract: A new two-stage iterative methodology is presented for upgrading of single-source water distribution networks to achieve redundancy. In the first stage, the existing network is strengthened using linear programming (LP) ...

Abstract: An accurate prediction of future water consumption is necessary to create a satisfactory design for a water distribution system. In this study, two new hybrid approaches are proposed for accurately predicting future hourly ...