Abstract: A simple adjoint method is developed for retrieving the time-mean winds from a number of consecutive single-Doppler measurements. The method assumes the Lagrangian conservation of reflectivity. Previous methods based on ...

Abstract: A least squares (LS) method is developed for retrieving low-altitude winds from single-Doppler radar scans. The method is tested with Denver airport microburst data and the results compared with the previously developed ...

Abstract: Three schemes are developed to incorporate a strong constraint of (incompressible) mass conservation into the basic scheme (scheme B) of the simple adjoint method of Qiu and Xu for retrieving the time-mean wind field from ...

Abstract: A spectral simple adjoint (SSA) method for retrieving, low-attitude time-mean horizontal winds from single-Doppler wind measurements is developed and tested with the Phoenix II held experimental data. The SSA method is ...

Abstract: A variational method is developed to compute surface fluxes of sensible and latent heat from observed wind, temperature, humidity, and surface energy and radiation budget by the surface energy and radiation balance systems ...

Abstract: The simple adjoint (SA) method is extended to use both the reflectivity equation and the radial-wind equation to retrieve the low-altitude horizontal wind field from single-Doppler reflectivity and radial-wind data. Three ...

Abstract: The significance of mass sinks (or sources) due to precipitation (or evaporation) is examined using numerical experiments performed with the Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale ...

Abstract: The simple adjoint method of Qiu and Xu is upgraded and tested with the Phoenix II data for retrieving the low-altitude winds from the movements of reflectivity patterns measured by a single-Doppler radar. The upgraded ...

Abstract: The simple adjoint method of Qiu and Xu is extended and used to retrieve the low-altitude horizontal wind field from single-Doppler radial wind data measured during the Phoenix II field experiment. Since the extended method ...