Abstract: The present-day climatology of a global climate model (GENESIS Version 1.02) is described. The model includes a land-surface transfer component (LSX) that accounts for the physical effects of vegetation. The atmospheric ...

Abstract: As anthropogenic greenhouse warming occurs in the next century, changes in the mass balances of Greenland and Antarctica will probably accelerate and may have significant effects on global sea level. Recent trends and ...

Abstract: The sensitivity of the equilibrium climate to doubled atmospheric CO2 is investigated using the GENESIS global climate model version 1.02. The atmospheric general circulation model is a heavily modified version of the NCAR ...

Abstract: A regional coupled soil?vegetation?atmosphere model is used to study changes and interactions between climate and the ecosystem in East Asia due to increased atmospheric CO2. The largest simulated climate changes are due ...

Abstract: Changes in vegetation cover are known to influence the climate system by modifying the radiative, momentum, and hydrologic balance of the land surface. To explore the interactions between terrestrial vegetation and the ...

Abstract: AbstractA gravitationally self-consistent, global sea level model with 3D viscoelastic Earth structure is interactively coupled to a 3D dynamic ice sheet model, and the coupled model is applied to simulate the evolution ...

Abstract: A class of simple climate models including those of the Budyko-Sellers type are formulated from a variational principle. A functional is constructed for the zonally averaged mean annual temperature field such that extrema ...

Abstract: iable explanations for equable climates of the Cretaceous and early Cenozoic (from about 145 to 50 million years ago), especially for the above-freezing temperatures detected for high-latitude continental winters, have ...

Abstract: The statistical representation of multiple land surfaces within a grid cell has received attention as a means to parameterize the nonlinear effects of subgrid-scale heterogeneity on land-atmosphere energy exchange. However, ...

Abstract: Results are described for three simple numerical models of the upper ocean and sea ice with prescribed atmospheric forcing. The ability of each model version to simulate the observed sea surface temperature (SST) is assessed ...