Abstract: Using a physical model, bispectral curves of visible albedo versus infrared brightness temperature are derived for various idealized cloud layers. These layers vary between those which are unbroken with variable optical ...

Abstract: Monte Carlo calculations of multiple-scattered contributions to the total energy received in a lidar beam have been made for a representative cirrus ice-cloud scattering phase function. The phase function is varied arbitrarily ...

Abstract: The design and performance of a narrow-beam radiometer for atmospheric studies are described. It has a beamwidth of 6 mrad and a minimum detectable radiance of 0.0056 mW cm?2 sr?1 in a 1-HZ output bandwidth. The system ...

Abstract: The technique of using combined lidar (0.694µm) and radiometric (10?12µm) measurements on cirrus clouds was developed in order to determine their infrared emissivity and to examine the experimental relationships between ...

Abstract: Some unusual lidar returns from an altostratus cloud are interpreted in terms of reflections from hexagonal ice plates falling with their long axes aligned in the horizontal. Such an explanation is consistent with the ...

Abstract: This article describes a method of determining the visible and infrared properties of high ice clouds using a ground-based lidar and infrared (IR) radiometer. A method of calibrating the lidar is described. This is followed ...

Abstract: A method of minimizing the effects of direct solar scatter in aureole measurements is described. Experimental results for ?clear? and polluted conditions are illustrated. The effects of large particles on the shape of the ...

Abstract: Measurements by monostatic lidar of linear depolarization ratios and backscatter coefficients in an altostratus cloud revealed a horizontally layered structure. Three different types of layers were observed. The bottom and ...

Abstract: Some computations are made of submillimeter wave extinction in clouds and fogs using recent spectrometric results of the optical properties of water. At wavelengths > 1000? an approximate formula is adequate in which ...

Abstract: The scattering and reflection components of the remotely measured effective beam emittance of high clouds are calculated using a detailed model of radiative transfer through cirrus. Two atmospheric profiles of temperature ...