Abstract: This paper is a continuation of the study of the advection?diffusion problem for stratospheric flow, and deals with the probability distribution function (PDF) of gradients of a freely decaying passive tracer. Theoretical ...

Abstract: The effect of Ekman friction on baroclinic instability is reexamined in order to address questions raised by Farrell concerning the existence of normal mode instability in the atmosphere. As the degree of meridional ...

Abstract: The relative effects of dynamics and surface thermal interactions in determining the heat flux and temperature fluctuations within the lower-tropospheric portion of the Pacific storm track are quantified using the probability ...

Abstract: We hypothesize that periods of quasi-stationary behavior in the large scales are integrally associated with an organized behavior of the synoptic scales, thus the terminology ?weather regime.? To investigate our hypothesis, ...

Abstract: In order to clarify the extent to which the two-layer model can successfully simulate the remote tropospheric response to localized stationary forcing, the structure of stationary Rossby waves in the two-layer model is ...

Abstract: Sea ice schemes with a few vertical levels are typically used to simulate the thermodynamic evolution of sea ice in global climate models. Here it is shown that these schemes overestimate the magnitude of the diurnal surface ...

Abstract: The structure of stationary Rossby waves in the presence of a mean westerly zonal flow with vertical shear is examined. There is typically only one stationary vertical mode, the external mode, trapped within the troposphere. ...

Abstract: External Rossby waves in vertical shear can be destabilized by thermal damping. They can also be destabilized by damping of potential vorticity if this damping is larger in the lower than in the upper troposphere. Results ...