Abstract: In examining a plot of a time series of a scalar climate variable for indications of climate change, an investigator might pick out what appears to be a linear trend commencing near the end of the record. Visual determination ...

Abstract: A major difficulty in investigating the nature of interdecadal variability of climatic time series is their shortness. An approach to this problem is through comparison of models. In this paper a first-order autoregressive ...

Abstract: Instrumental surface air temperature (SAT) records beginning in the late 1800s from 59 Arctic stations north of 64°N show monthly mean anomalies of several degrees and large spatial teleconnectivity, yet there are systematic ...

Abstract: This study describes winter climate during the last 500 yr for the greater Baltic Sea region through an examination of well-documented time series of ice cover, sea level pressure, and winter surface air temperatures. These ...