Abstract: Concrete diaphragm walls (CDWs) are widely used as support for deep excavations in saturated soft soils with sensitive construction environments. The lateral deformation of the CDWs is typically measured by inclinometers ...

Abstract: Surface settlement is considered a key indicator in the pipe jacking procedure of the steel tube slab (STS) pipe-roofing method. Commonly, the existing equations for this safety indicator are applied in the process of ...

Abstract: Numerical analyses have been widely used to investigate the stability of deep excavations. The results of this type of analyses rely on the constitutive model that is adopted for the analyses. Although many advanced ...