Abstract: AbstractPrecipitation is often quantified by the amount that falls over a given period of time but not the rate at which most of it falls or the rate associated with the most frequent events. Here, three metrics are ...

Abstract: odels from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) robustly predict that the rate of increase in global-mean precipitation with global-mean surface temperature increase is much less than the rate of ...

Abstract: he frequency and intensity of rainfall determine its character and may change with climate. A methodology for characterizing the frequency and amount of rainfall as functions of the rain rate is developed. Two modes of ...

Abstract: hanges in the frequency and intensity of rainfall are an important potential impact of climate change. Two modes of change, a shift and an increase, are applied to simulations of global warming with models from phase 5 of ...

Abstract: The Sawyer?Eliassen Equation (SEQ) is here rederived in height coordinates such that the sea surface is also a coordinate surface. Compared with the conventional derivation in mass field coordinates, this formulation adds ...

Abstract: AbstractWe analyze the radiative forcing and radiative response at Earth?s surface, where perturbations in the radiation budget regulate the atmospheric hydrological cycle. By applying a radiative kernel-regression technique ...

Abstract: AbstractInternal atmospheric variability fundamentally limits predictability of climate and obscures evidence of anthropogenic climate change regionally and on time scales of up to a few decades. Dynamical adjustment ...

Abstract: A central issue for understanding past climates involves the use of sparse time-integrated data to recover the physical properties of the coupled climate system. This issue is explored in a simple model of the midlatitude ...

Abstract: AbstractClimate variability and its response to increasing greenhouse gases are important considerations for impacts and adaptation. Modeling studies commonly assess projected changes in variability in terms of changes in ...

Abstract: The evolving roles of anthropogenic aerosols (AER) and greenhouse gases (GHG) in driving large-scale patterns of precipitation and SST trends during 1920–2080 are studied using a new set of “all-but-one-forcing” initial-condition ...