Abstract: Many practical design problems are multidisciplinary and typically involve the transfer of complex information between analysis modules. In solving such problems, the method for performing multidisciplinary analyses greatly ...

Abstract: A numerical study based on steady Reynolds-averaged-Navier–Stokes (RANS) with the shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model was performed to investigate the flow and heat transfer in a ribbed U-duct with a rectangular ...