Abstract: Extremely persistent, equivalent barotropic zonal jets are observed in statistically steady quasigeostrophic two-layer beta-plane turbulence. Flows are forced by an imposed unstable vertical shear, horizontally uniform ...

Abstract: Statistically steady states of a two-layer quasi-geostrophic model truncated to retain only the zonal mean flow and one nonzero zonal wavenumber, but with high meridional resolution, are described. The model is forced by ...

Abstract: A 35-year record of monthly mean zonal wind data for the equatorial stratosphere is represented in terms of a vector (radius and phase angle) in a two-dimensional phase space defined by the normalized expansion coefficients ...

Abstract: In order to clarify the extent to which the two-layer model can successfully simulate the remote tropospheric response to localized stationary forcing, the structure of stationary Rossby waves in the two-layer model is ...

Abstract: The structure of stationary Rossby waves in the presence of a mean westerly zonal flow with vertical shear is examined. There is typically only one stationary vertical mode, the external mode, trapped within the troposphere. ...

Abstract: External Rossby waves in vertical shear can be destabilized by thermal damping. They can also be destabilized by damping of potential vorticity if this damping is larger in the lower than in the upper troposphere. Results ...